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Bitcoin’s quantum-resistant hard fork is inevitable — It’s the only chance to fix node incentives

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Opinion by: Dr. Michael Tabone, senior economist for Cointelegraph

Bitcoin (BTC) has long been hailed as unbreakable and untouchable, a digital stronghold against the forces of change. Bitcoin’s bedrock of security is facing its first true test with quantum computing, which should be addressed sooner rather than later. Its cryptographic armor will crack if not addressed, forcing the network to adapt or perish.

Bitcoin’s node count is growing, but incentives are still absent

Bitcoin’s full node network has grown over time, a sign of increasing adoption and a more robust infrastructure, but the core issue remains. The voluntary act of running a node still has no financial incentive. Miners earn rewards for securing the network, yet full node operators get nothing for their role in keeping Bitcoin decentralized.

At the same time, a significant portion of these nodes are run by exchanges, custodians and large mining pools. These are centralized entities with financial incentives to maintain control. Suppose Bitcoin’s node network continues to expand without proper incentives. In that case, the risk remains that validation will become increasingly dependent on a few well-funded players rather than a truly distributed base of individual users (see Figure 1).

FBitcoin node operation has increased by only 15,605 in 8 years. Source: Bitnodes.io 

All of this comes as running a Bitcoin node has never been easier. Plug-and-play solutions like Umbrel, Start9, RaspiBlitz, Cubit and Ronin Dojo allow anyone to set up a full node on low-cost hardware with minimal technical knowledge. These tools have lowered the barrier to entry, making node operation more accessible than ever before.

Yet adoption remains stagnant. Despite the ease of setup, most Bitcoin users still do not run their own nodes. The reason is simple: There is no financial incentive to do so.

Recent: Decentralization is in danger — We can fix it

Unlike miners, who earn block subsidies and transaction fees for securing the network, full node operators receive nothing. They validate transactions, enforce consensus rules, and contribute to Bitcoin’s decentralization, yet their efforts go unrewarded. As a result, node operation remains an ideological commitment rather than an economically viable activity.

If Bitcoin must be forked, we must use it to strengthen decentralization

Critics of the proposal argue that Bitcoin’s monetary policy should remain untouched. Others warn that introducing full node incentives could lead to Sybil attacks, where bad actors spin up thousands of fake nodes to exploit rewards. These concerns are valid — but they ignore the larger reality.

Bitcoin is on the path toward a forced consensus change. The honest debate is not whether Bitcoin should change but whether we will use this moment to strengthen it. If full Bitcoin node incentives are implemented correctly, they could drive a surge in node adoption, strengthening the network’s censorship resistance and reinforcing its decentralization. This would reduce dependence on large mining pools and exchanges for validation, spreading control more evenly among individual participants. Bitcoiners will have to continue pushing to keep Bitcoin resilient against corporate influence in a post-quantum world where security and decentralization will matter more than ever in the years ahead.

Poorly designed incentives could introduce risks, particularly Sybil attacks, where bad actors spin up thousands of fake nodes to exploit rewards. These challenges can be solved with the right Sybil resistance mechanisms in place. Ignoring them entirely would be far riskier than addressing them head-on.

Source: Michael Tabone

Bitcoin’s future depends on this moment

Bitcoin’s greatest strength is its ability to remain decentralized and censorship-resistant. But that strength is not automatic; it requires an infrastructure that encourages broad participation.

The quantum-resistant hard fork will be a once-in-a-generation event. We may not get another chance if we fail to use it to fix Bitcoin’s broken incentive structure. Bitcoin’s future depends on getting this moment right.

This conversation should continue, but you should have some skin in the game and run a node yourself first. 

Opinion by: Dr. Michael Tabone, senior economist for Cointelegraph.

This article is for general information purposes and is not intended to be and should not be taken as legal or investment advice. The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed here are the author’s alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

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Kazakhstan to become ‘Central Asia’s crypto hub’ with reforms: Minister

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Kazakhstan has the potential to become a leading crypto hub in Central Asia if regulatory restrictions are eased, according to Kanysh Tuleushin, the country’s first vice minister of digital development, innovation and aerospace industry.

In a recent op-ed for the Kazakhstanskaya Pravda newspaper, Tuleushin said digital mining and smart policy shifts could position Kazakhstan as a regional leader in blockchain innovation.

“If all restrictions were lifted and digital asset trading was allowed across Kazakhstan, the impact could be significant,” he wrote.  

“Kazakhstan might become Central Asia’s crypto hub,” Tuleushin added, suggesting that broader legalization and taxation could add hundreds of billions of the country’s tenge currency to the national budget.

He called for nationwide crypto rules, transparent exchanges and legal crypto ATMs.

Binance’s CZ signed an MOU with Kazakhstan in 2023. Source: CZ

Related: Kazakhstan mulls Binance, Bybit for digital asset trading 

Crypto miners could modernize Kazakhstan

Tuleushin said crypto mining firms could play a key role in modernizing the nation’s energy infrastructure. He noted that, similar to the United States, miners in Kazakhstan could help balance the power grid by consuming surplus energy.

Through the 70/30 energy initiative, foreign investors fund thermal power upgrades, with 70% of the generated capacity going to the national grid and 30% allocated to miners.

He also proposed utilizing associated petroleum gas from oil fields to power data centers, reducing emissions while generating revenue for oil producers.

Kazakhstan’s crypto mining sector has already contributed $34.6 million in taxes over the past three years. As of 2023, the government registered 415,000 mining machines, issued 84 licenses, and accredited five mining pools, Tuleushin said.

Crypto trading on the Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC) exchange surged from $324 million in 2023 to $1.4 billion in 2024. From 2025, miners will be required to sell 75% of their mined assets via AIFC platforms.

Related: Kazakhstan CBDC pilot drastically reduces VAT refund wait

Kazakhstan struggles with unregulated crypto trades

Despite progress, crypto transactions remain largely unregulated outside the AIFC, with an estimated $4.1 billion in turnover in 2023, 91.5% of which took place beyond government oversight.

Authorities shut down 36 illegal exchanges in 2024, freezing $4.8 million in assets and disrupting two Ponzi schemes.

The country is also building an in-house central bank digital currency (CBDC), the digital tenge. Development began in February 2023, with an initial launch set for 2025.

Aside from Kazakhstan, other Central Asian countries like Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan have also taken a friendly approach toward the digital asset industry.

On May 7, Binance signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Kyrgyzstan’s National Agency for Investments to introduce crypto payment infrastructure and blockchain education in the country.

Magazine: Metric signals $250K Bitcoin is ‘best case,’ SOL, HYPE tipped for gains: Trade Secrets

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Strategy will beat all public equities with Bitcoin, analyst says

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Michael Saylor’s Strategy, the world’s largest corporate holder of Bitcoin, may become the top publicly traded equity one day, according to a Strategy analyst.

Strategy will be the “number one publicly traded equity in the entire market” because of its future financial strength enabled with Bitcoin (BTC), Strategy analyst Jeff Walton predicted in the new Financial Times documentary, Michael Saylor’s $40 billion Bitcoin bet.

The company currently holds about 568,840 Bitcoin, worth roughly $59 billion, and Walton said that advantage could push it past all other publicly listed firms in the future.

“Strategy holds more of the best assets and the most pristine collateral on the entire planet than any other company, by multiples,” Walton said.

Strategy raised $12 billion in 50 days

The analyst pointed to the firm’s ability to rapidly raise capital as another indicator of its strength. In November 2024, Strategy raised $12 billion in just 50 days.

“It’s incredibly hard to raise $100 million of capital, and they just raised $100 million of capital 120 times in 50 days, and they were able to buy Bitcoin with that capital. That’s insane,” Walton said.

Strategy analyst Jeff Walton in the Financial Times’ documentary “Michael Saylor’s $40 billion Bitcoin bet.” Source: YouTube

In the documentary, Saylor also paints a bullish picture of the company’s future due to its Bitcoin adoption.

Saylor says Strategy will become a $10 trillion company

“I think that MicroStrategy is in a position where we can grow from a $100 billion enterprise to a $1 trillion enterprise to a $10 trillion enterprise,” Saylor said.

He also predicted that Bitcoin would one day reach a price of $13 million per coin:

“My forecast for 2045 is 13 million a Bitcoin. I would think in the four to eight year time frame. Certainly, in 10 years we should be at a million. So one million in 10 years you know 10X that or more in 20 years.”

Walton’s prediction on Strategy potentially beating all publicly traded equities in the future comes amid the company ranking the 151st largest company in the world by the market capitalization of $117 billion, according to CompaniesMarketCap.

Strategy (MSTR) stock against the top five stocks globally by market capitalization. Source: CompaniesMarketCap

To become the largest, Strategy would need to surpass Microsoft, whose current market cap exceeds $3.3 trillion.

Bitcoin’s 90% drop scenario

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Asia’s wealthy shifting from US dollar to crypto, gold, China: UBS

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High-net-worth clients across Asia are gradually pivoting away from US dollar-based investments, favoring gold, cryptocurrencies and Chinese assets instead, according to financial services giant UBS Group.

“Gold is getting very popular,” Amy Lo, the Swiss bank’s co-head of wealth management for Asia, said during Bloomberg’s New Voices event held in Hong Kong on May 13.

She cited rising geopolitical uncertainty and persistent market volatility as primary factors behind the shift. Investors, traditionally concentrated in US-centric assets, are now seeking broader exposure across alternative asset classes, including crypto, commodities and other currencies.

Lo said “volatility is definitely here to stay,” prompting clients to rebalance toward perceived safe havens and growth opportunities in new regions.

China, after years of muted interest, is also regaining traction among the ultra-wealthy. Lo noted that clients who previously avoided exposure to China are now proactively asking about investment opportunities.

Hong Kong’s benchmark index, heavily composed of Chinese companies, has emerged as one of the world’s top performers in 2024, further fueling interest.

Hong Kong Stock Market Index. Source: Trading Economics

Bank of America’s latest fund manager survey also shows that global fund managers significantly reduced their exposure to the US dollar in May, marking the largest underweight position in 19 years.

Related: US Bitcoin reserve vs. gold and oil reserves: How do they compare?

US-China tariff truce sparks investor optimism

Christina Au-Yeung, head of Investment Management Services at Morgan Stanley Private Wealth Management Asia, told Bloomberg that a recent tariff truce between the US and China has created renewed investor optimism.

“We are seeing an emergence of really interesting themes coming back out in China,” she said.

Au-Yeung also pointed to a growing risk-aware mindset among Asia’s wealthiest clients. The firm now recommends a balanced portfolio allocation, including 40% fixed income, 40% equities, 15% alternatives and the remainder in cash or equivalents.

On May 11, the US and China announced an agreement to temporarily reduce tariffs on each other’s goods. As per the deal, the US will lower tariffs on Chinese imports from 145% to 30%, while China will reduce duties on American goods from 125% to 10%.

Related: Bitcoin acts like ‘store of value that it is’ amid Trump policy chaos: NYDIG

Bitcoin viewed as a store of value

In a recent note, Galaxy Digital analysts said Bitcoin is increasingly being viewed as a digital store of value, noting growing interest from institutions, exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and even governments.

“Bitcoin’s supply and demand dynamics are solidifying its place as a mature digital store of value,” said Ian Kolman, co-portfolio manager at Galaxy.

Supporting this view, BlackRock’s head of thematics and active ETFs, Jay Jacobs, noted on April 25 that nations are increasingly diversifying away from US dollar reserves, turning instead to assets like gold — and now, Bitcoin (BTC) — as part of a broader shift in reserve strategy.

Magazine: Metric signals $250K Bitcoin is ‘best case,’ SOL, HYPE tipped for gains: Trade Secrets

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